If you've never heard of GrapheneOS, think of it as a privacy and security-focused mobile operating system that includes Android compatibility and is developed as a non-profit, open-source project. GrapheneOS, which began in 2014 as CopperheadOS, achieves its heightened security by way of sandboxing, exploit mitigations, and the Android permission model. This alternative mobile OS mitigates entire classes of vulnerabilities to make exploiting the OS exponentially more difficult.
The company is telling law enforcement in these briefings that its technology can extract data from Pixel 6, 7, 8, and 9 phones in unlocked, AFU, and BFU states on stock software. However, it cannot brute-force passcodes to enable full control of a device. The leaker also notes law enforcement is still unable to copy an eSIM from Pixel devices. Notably, the Pixel 10 series is moving away from physical SIM cards.