#literary-history

#literary-history

Vance, a Portland-based journalist who runs Stumptown Savings, a newsletter covering local grocery deals, had been accused of using ChatGPT to write his content. The evidence? His use of em dashes. "A Reddit user accused me of using AI, pointing to my use of, quote, extra long M dashes that are not possible to replicate on a normal keyboard," Vance recalls. The accusation stung, particularly because Vance spends 40 hours a week personally visiting grocery stores and crafting his newsletter by hand.

It was once commonly understood that fiction was in the wisdom business, that it offered not only aesthetic pleasure but also moral improvement. This function of literature was not tough to spot. One of the first English novels was Samuel Richardson's 1740 work, Pamela: Or, Virtue Rewarded-a title not meant ironically. Through the 19th century, many authors turned directly to the reader with philosophical and social (if sometimes ironic) commentary: "It is a truth universally acknowledged"; "It was the best of times"; "All happy families are alike." For readers not up to the challenge of full George Eliot novels, her enterprising publisher compiled a volume of Eliot's many Wise, Witty, and Tender Sayings, in order to more broadly distribute "a morality as pure as it is impassioned."

Many of the phrases we casually toss around today have surprisingly long histories, with roots that stretch back to the medieval world. From English law to Chaucer's poetry, from French allegories to Irish chronicles, these expressions reveal just how much of our everyday language was shaped by the Middle Ages. Here are 20 phrases that originated in the Middle Ages - and are still alive and well today.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in a letter at 22, expressed thoughts of retreating into obscurity, revealing his struggles with low morale, love, and possible opium addiction.

Ellmann's biography of James Joyce not only detailed his life through rich narratives but also positioned Joyce as a literary giant, comparable to the likes of Homer.

This exhibit conjures real, three-dimensional books based on tomes that never saw the light of day, providing a glimpse into lost literary history.

"The man who had lost his life in this apparently meaningless struggle was none other than Christopher 'Kit' Marlowe, the 29-year-old darling of Elizabethan theatre and poetry."